问如何避免或抑制此无锁堆栈中的竞争？

EN

#include <atomic>
#include <list>
#include <thread>
#include <type_traits>

struct Node {
  Node() = default;
  Node(Node *n) { next.store(n); }
  std::atomic<Node *> next;
};

using Memory = std::aligned_storage_t<sizeof(Node)>;

struct Stack {
  bool pop_and_use() {
    for (Node *current_head = head.load(); current_head;) {
      Node *next = current_head->next.load(); // READ RACE
      if (head.compare_exchange_weak(current_head, next, std::memory_order_seq_cst)) {
        current_head->~Node();
        Memory *mem = reinterpret_cast<Memory *>(current_head);
        new (mem) int{0}; // use memory with non-atomic write (WRITE RACE)
        return true;
      }
    }
    return false;
  }
  void populate(Memory *mem, int count) {
    for (int i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
      head = new (mem + i) Node(head.load());
    }
  }
  std::atomic<Node *> head{};
};

int main() {
  Memory storage[10000];
  Stack test_list;
  test_list.populate(storage, 10000);
  std::thread worker([&test_list]() {
    while (test_list.pop_and_use()) {
    };
  });
  while (test_list.pop_and_use()) {};
  worker.join();
  return 0;
}

clang++-10 -fsanitize=thread tsan_test_2.cpp -o tsan_test_2 -O2 -g2 -Wall -Wextra && ./tsan_test_2
LLVMSymbolizer: error reading file: No such file or directory
==================
WARNING: ThreadSanitizer: data race (pid=35998)
  Atomic read of size 8 at 0x7fff48bd57b0 by thread T1:
    #0 __tsan_atomic64_load <null> (tsan_test_2+0x46d88e)
    #1 std::__atomic_base<Node*>::load(std::memory_order) const /usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/8/../../../../include/c++/8/bits/atomic_base.h:713:9 (tsan_test_2+0x4b3e6c)
    #2 std::atomic<Node*>::load(std::memory_order) const /usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/8/../../../../include/c++/8/atomic:452:21 (tsan_test_2+0x4b3e6c)
    #3 Stack::pop_and_use() /home/BOSDYN/akhripin/tmp/tsan_test_2.cpp:17:39 (tsan_test_2+0x4b3e6c)
    #4 main::$_0::operator()() const /home/BOSDYN/akhripin/tmp/tsan_test_2.cpp:40:22 (tsan_test_2+0x4b3e6c)
    #5 void std::__invoke_impl<void, main::$_0>(std::__invoke_other, main::$_0&&) /usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/8/../../../../include/c++/8/bits/invoke.h:60:14 (tsan_test_2+0x4b3e6c)
    #6 std::__invoke_result<main::$_0>::type std::__invoke<main::$_0>(main::$_0&&) /usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/8/../../../../include/c++/8/bits/invoke.h:95:14 (tsan_test_2+0x4b3e6c)
    #7 decltype(std::__invoke(_S_declval<0ul>())) std::thread::_Invoker<std::tuple<main::$_0> >::_M_invoke<0ul>(std::_Index_tuple<0ul>) /usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/8/../../../../include/c++/8/thread:244:13 (tsan_test_2+0x4b3e6c)
    #8 std::thread::_Invoker<std::tuple<main::$_0> >::operator()() /usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/8/../../../../include/c++/8/thread:253:11 (tsan_test_2+0x4b3e6c)
    #9 std::thread::_State_impl<std::thread::_Invoker<std::tuple<main::$_0> > >::_M_run() /usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/8/../../../../include/c++/8/thread:196:13 (tsan_test_2+0x4b3e6c)
    #10 <null> <null> (libstdc++.so.6+0xbd6de)

  Previous write of size 4 at 0x7fff48bd57b0 by main thread:
    #0 Stack::pop_and_use() /home/BOSDYN/akhripin/tmp/tsan_test_2.cpp:21:9 (tsan_test_2+0x4b3d5d)
    #1 main /home/BOSDYN/akhripin/tmp/tsan_test_2.cpp:43:20 (tsan_test_2+0x4b3d5d)

  Location is stack of main thread.

  Location is global '??' at 0x7fff48bad000 ([stack]+0x0000000287b0)

  Thread T1 (tid=36000, running) created by main thread at:
    #0 pthread_create <null> (tsan_test_2+0x4246bb)
    #1 std::thread::_M_start_thread(std::unique_ptr<std::thread::_State, std::default_delete<std::thread::_State> >, void (*)()) <null> (libstdc++.so.6+0xbd994)
    #2 __libc_start_main /build/glibc-OTsEL5/glibc-2.27/csu/../csu/libc-start.c:310 (libc.so.6+0x21b96)

SUMMARY: ThreadSanitizer: data race (/home/BOSDYN/akhripin/tmp/tsan_test_2+0x46d88e) in __tsan_atomic64_load
==================
ThreadSanitizer: reported 1 warnings

inline Node *load_next_wrapper(Node *h) {
  Node *ret;
  asm volatile("movq (%1), %0" : "=r"(ret) : "r"(&h->next));
  return ret;
}